Schleswig-Holstein
Geography
In the western part of the state, there are lowlands with virtually no hills. The North Frisian Islands, as well as almost all of Schleswig-Holstein's North Sea coast, form the Schleswig-Holstein Wadden Sea National Park (National park Schleswig-Holsteinisches Wattenmeer) which is the largest national park in Central Europe. Germany's only high-sea island, Heligoland, is situated in the North Sea. The Baltic Sea coast in the east of Schleswig-Holstein is marked by bays, fjords and cliff lines. There are rolling hills and many lakes, especially in the eastern part of Holstein, called the Holsteinische Schweiz and the former Duchy of Lauenburg. Fehmarn is the only island off the eastern coast. The longest river besides the Elbe is the Eider; the most important waterway is the Kiel Canal which connects the North Sea and Baltic Sea.
History
The conflict over the two duchies Schleswig and Holstein is a central part of Denmark’s history. It all started in 1232 when king Valdemar Sejr granted his younger son Abel the hereditary duchy of Sønderjylland (later called Schleswig). The Schauenburgers took control over Schleswig 1375 when the last duke from Abel’s line died. Denmark tried taking over several times without success during the 15th Century to return Schleswig to the Danish crown. The conflict was only solved when duke Adolf of Schleswig-Holstein died without sons 1459. This would have resulted in the return of Schleswig to the Danish crown and that Holstein would have been inherited by a different branch of the house of Schauenburg.
Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the sixteen states of Germany. Its capital city is Kiel; other notable cities are Lübeck, Flensburg and Neumünster. Population is 2,834,259 and the GDP is 69 Billion euros
The term "Holstein" derives from Old Saxon, Holseta Land, meaning "the land of those who dwell in the wood"
Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Empire after Charlemagne's Saxon campaigns in the late eighth century. Since 811 the northern frontier of Holstein (and thus the Empire) was marked by the river Eider.
The term Schleswig takes its name from the city of Schleswig. The name derives from the Schlei inlet in the east and vik meaning inlet or settlement in Old Saxon and Old Norse. The name is similar to the place-names ending in the "-wick" or "-wich" element along the coast in the United Kingdom.
Schleswig and Holstein have at different times belonged in part or completely to either Denmark or Germany, or have been virtually independent of both nations.
Fun Fact
The most important festivals are the Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival, an annual classic music festival all over the state, The annual Wacken Open Air festival is considered to be the largest heavy metal rock festival in the world.
The state's most important museum of cultural history is in Schloss Gottorf in Schleswig.The old city of Lübeck is a world heritage site.
Its a big tourism site
Schleswig-Holstein is divided into 11 (districts) Furthermore, there are four separate urban districts
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